Determinants of the Obstacles To Contraceptive Methods in Pakistan: An Empirical Analysis From Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2017-2018

Abstract

This study investigates the determinants of obstacles to contraceptive methods in Pakistan using data from the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (PDHS) 2017-2018. Despite the increasing global emphasis on family planning and reproductive health, Pakistan continues to experience a low contraceptive prevalence rate, largely due to various socio-demographic, economic, and cultural factors. This research employs a comprehensive analytical approach, utilizing logistic regression analysis to identify key factors influencing the barriers to contraceptive use among women in the country. The findings reveal that age, region, education, wealth status, and number of children significantly impact contraceptive use. Women aged 20-24 were less likely to face obstacles compared to the reference group (14-19), while women aged 30-44 showed higher odds of encountering barriers. Regional disparities were evident, with women from regions such as FATA, Sindh, and KPK exhibiting significantly higher odds of facing obstacles. Educational attainment was a protective factor, with higher education levels associated with reduced barriers. Wealth also played a complex role, with middle-income groups experiencing more barriers compared to the poorest. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that women with more children (3-5, 6-8, or 9-11) were significantly less likely to encounter barriers to contraceptive use compared to those with 0-2 children. The study highlights the importance of targeted policy interventions that consider regional and socio-economic differences. Improving educational attainment, especially among women, and ensuring access to quality family planning services are critical to overcoming these obstacles. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders to develop more effective, context-specific family planning programs in Pakistan.